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Name: Forster Ocean Baths
(The Bullring, Haden's Pool)
The Forster Ocean Baths are set in a charming park at
the southern end of Forster Beach at the base of Second Head. Direct
access to the Baths from the beach.
(Image taken on 28 November 2001.) |

click for larger view |
Location: North Street, Forster, NSW, 2428,
Australia
(Latitude South 32d 10m 16s, Longitude East 152d 30m 52s)
Great Lakes >
North Coast |
 
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Henry Haden, a Dredge Master with the NSW Department of Public Works, lived in
a house on the corner of West and North Streets. He gave his name to Haden's
Pool, the pool developed in the 1930s to become the Forster Ocean Baths.
1935
Stroud Shire Council applied for an advance of 2,500 pounds from the
NSW Unemployment Relief Council to construct ocean baths at Forster in
accordance with a scheme outlined by the Shire Engineer and supported by the
Forster Urban Committee.
By May, the grant was made and the NSW Public Works Department had approved the
plans and estimates. Work began pending a special lease for the baths. Council
made representations to the NSW Department of Labour and Industry about retaining
Aboriginal Emergency Relief labour on the work. Later Council applied for a
Public Reserve for the Forster Baths in lieu of a special lease.
The Forster Progress Association approved Council's action to establish the
baths 'on such a magnificent scale', but the project exceeded its original
estimates and a further advance was sought. The cost of the building and pool was
initially estimated as 5,734 pounds with a further 500 pounds for fittings.
These estimates were later rounded up to give an estimated cost of 6,500 pounds.
Emergency relief workers for Stroud Shire Council did most of the work to create
the baths and its associated building. Brick and terra cotta work was done by
contract labour. Plumbing, roof covering and electric lighting work was done by
Council labour.
The pool was 280 feet by 180 feet with a natural floor and a maximum depth of
eight
foot six inches 'giving ample room for Olympic swimming requirements''and was flood-lit at
night.
The entrance building and dressing sheds were 'a modern adaptation of the
Spanish Mission style' and offered club rooms, dressing accommodation, lockers,
cubicles and showers. Costumes and towels could be hired. A diving board
enhanced the pool, the concrete promenades enhanced the beach.
1936
The Forster Ocean Baths were opened on 18 January by the Hon. J. M. Dunningham MLA,
the NSW Minister for Labour and Industry. Charges at the Baths were threepence for adults
and a penny for children under 14. Season, monthly and weekly tickets were available.
Council donated a trophy for the opening carnival.
Income from the Baths and café was estimated at 400 pounds with expenses of 200
pounds for the year. Between 20 December 1935 and 9 January 1936, over 7,000 people used
the Baths producing revenue of 268 pounds and 13 shillings.
Shire Engineer F. G. D. Stone suggested Stroud Shire Council build a dance floor
in response to requests from patrons of the Baths and the Forster Urban
Committee. A dance Casino (local use of the term 'casino' did not imply a
facility for gambling) accommodating 450, offering dance nights during the
summer holiday
season and staging two or three balls each year was considered a big tourist attraction
that could boost takings at the Baths Café. Baths staff would control the
Casino to minimise administrative costs.
Tenders were called for the construction of the Casino, at an estimated cost of
1,631 pounds borrowed by Council as an ordinary loan with the NSW Governor's
approval. Construction of the Casino began in September and it was ready for
opening by December.
Between 23 October and 12 December 1936, the takings at the Baths amounted to 264 pounds.
The Baths were becoming more popular each week and attracting hundreds of people
to Forster. Stroud Shire Council was 'laying the foundation for a tourist industry of
inestimable value to the Shire and District'.
1937
Stroud Shire
Council borrowed a further 300 pounds for the Casino with the NSW Governor's
approval. The Forster Urban Committee's delegation to operate the Baths and café
was extended to include the Casino, a hall which appears in the 1937 photos
taken from the oceanside of the Baths looking back toward the land. With some 40,600 admissions to the
Baths and Casino in a summer season, both enterprises were
considered financially sound. The 'perfect floor, soft lighting and cool ocean
breezes' made dancing at the Casino a delight. Guest-houses like The Tudor
private hotel and The Norfolk advertised their proximity to the Baths.
The Baths were also important to the district's schools. The Forster Public
School used the Baths and the more distant
Taree High School arranged to use the Baths for its annual swimming carnival.
1938
Income from the efficiently run Baths, café and Casino complex was estimated as 385
pounds.
The Ocean Baths and Casino were very well patronised during the 1938 summer holiday season.
1940
The Baths, Casino and camping ground provided by Stroud Shire Council had all been
self-supporting since their inception and were now grouped together for
reporting purposes as the 'Shire
Tourist Development Works'.
The manager for the baths/café/casino complex was paid a salary of 8 pounds per
week, which 'included assistance from his wife as needed'.
1941
In January large crowds visited the town from all parts of NSW, despite petrol
rationing and the national outlook. While guest-houses were taxed to their
limits, the number of campers was down.
By May 1941, returns from the Baths had decreased considerably due to the war
and Mr Hitchens was given a free lease from May 1 until the Baths re-opened for
the swimming season in
October 1941, provided he painted, cleaned and renovated the premises and painted the
camping reserve fence.
1942
In March, the Shire Engineer recommended closing the Baths and Casino owing to
the lack of business 'due to war conditions'. The Baths opened again for summer,
but no permission was given for Sunday dances at the Casino.
1943
The Shire called tenders for the lease of the Baths and Casino. The lease was
granted to Mr J. F. Colliton of Forster for the period from October 1943 to October 1944.
1944
The lease of the Baths to
J. F. Colliton was extended to 1 October 1945. He was even granted a five-year
lease that required him to arrange at least 26 dances with an orchestra each year
and that provided for increased rent once peace was achieved in the European and the
Pacific theatres of war.
The Baths were cleaned, painted, handrails provided and the springboard repaired.
A dance held at the Baths complex raised money for the Australian Comforts Fund.
Forster had the largest crowd of campers in years over the 1944 summer holidays.
1945
The lease for the Baths and the Casino was adjusted for the increased rent due
between VP Day (the day of celebration for Victory in the Pacific theatre of
war) and September 30 1945.
1946
The
Baths and Casino were valued at 20,000 pounds.
1947
The
Forster surf club was permitted to close the beach between the Ocean Baths and
the breakwater to conduct the annual surf carnival on 28 December.
1950
The loan for construction of the Baths expired, giving Stroud Shire Council outright
ownership of the Baths.
1951
The loan for construction of the Casino expired, giving Stroud Shire Council outright
ownership of the Casino.
1988
The Ocean Baths became the start of the Pebbly Beach Bicentennial Walk, which
leads south to One Mile Beach.
1980s to 1990s
The Baths building and the Casino buildings were used as a craft centre before
being demolished.
2000
The Forster Tuncurry Mudcrabs Winter Swim Club based at the Ocean Baths swam
from Pacific Palms to Forster to raise money for the Westpac Rescue Helicopter
Service.
2001
On
its way out after pumping sand from a settlement well at the pool, a 27-tonne
contractor's truck slid sideways
in the wet conditions and damaged a retaining wall. A crane had to be hired to
lift the truck out of the Baths. Local hopes for improvements at the Ocean Baths
grew.
Participants in the Coastcare Summer Festival walk to Bennetts Head met their
guide at the Forster Beach Ocean Pool.
Litter and vandalism were the focus of growing concerns. The
Forster Ocean Baths to Bennetts Head walk was later targeted as a litter hotspot on Clean
Up Australia Day. Forster Ocean Baths had top priority for the
placement of grilles and subsequent closure during the evening as part of a
program to counter vandalism.
2002
Problems with sand around the inlet valve of the pump, which replenishes the
pool, left the pool empty and not available for use for two months, prompting
numerous complaints about the lengthy loss of a popular swimming area. The Mudcrabs Winter Swimming Club
had scheduled 18 Sunday competitions, but due to lack
of water in the pool could only manage five Sundays of competition.
A report to Great Lakes Council recommended construction of a retaining wall
near the sediment well at the Ocean Baths, as part of a new process to assist the
pool's operation.
2003
Concerned citizens convened a public meeting on Sunday, June 22 at Forster surf
club to protest about the condition of the Ocean Baths. The meeting began
with a barbecue breakfast provided by the Mudcrabs. There were concerns about
leaks, lack of water in the pool and a young visitor who had received a nasty
oyster cut while playing at the Ocean Baths.
2004
Great Lakes Council's work on an interpretive
signage program began with a focus on the Forster Ocean Baths.
Beachwatch water quality monitoring showed
Forster Ocean Baths complied 100% with national water quality guidelines.
The Ocean Baths closed in July to allow upgrading of the western wall to
minimise minor leaks and deter oyster growth.
2006
For the first time in 27 years, the Forster-Tuncurry Mudcrabs Winter swimming
Club was the champion club at the Northern District Winter Swimming
Championship. Nine winter swimming clubs competed in the Championship held at
the Forster Ocean Baths in July.
Motels in Forster and the Forster Beach Caravan Park & Marina still touted
proximity to the rock pool as a visitor attraction. The Ocean Baths are promoted
more as a means for young families to enjoy the pleasure of protected waters at
the beach, than as a training venue comparable to the Great Lakes Aquatic Centre
with its heated indoor pool.
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Late nineteenth-century
As Cape Hawke Harbour was important for coastal shipping, its maintenance was a
concern for the NSW Department of Public Works.
1940
Forster was developing rapidly as a tourist resort and was considered 'destined to
be one of Australia's leading watering places'.
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To be added.
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The Forster Ocean Baths were sited considerably to the
north of earlier NSW ocean baths. Created with funds for unemployment relief in
the 1930s, these baths are representative of the
fifth wave of pool creation 'Public works for public pleasure amid depression,
war
and rationing during the period 1930-1949'.
Constructed by Stroud Shire
Council as a key part of its tourist development strategy for Forster, the baths
helped attract visitors to Forster's guest-houses and to the Council-developed
camping ground.
Ocean baths, long
part of the tourist development strategy in Newcastle, Sydney and in the
Illawarra, were a new development on the NSW North Coast and the local Progress
Association was a strong supporter of these ocean baths. The original baths/dance
casino (local use of the term 'casino'
did not imply a facility for gambling)
complex expressed the creative
vision of a single individual, F. G. D. Stone, the Stroud Shire Council
Engineer. It remains unchallenged as the most elaborate ocean baths complex ever
constructed north of Newcastle.
The Forster Ocean
Baths were the only ocean baths on the NSW coast to be a day-time and night-time
pay-to-use facility operated in tandem with a dance casino. Such pay-to-swim
baths were in line with Britain's interwar lido-style public pools and the
well-established Newcastle Ocean Baths, but unlike the early twentieth-century
ocean pools on Sydney's northern beaches or at Cronulla or Kiama's ocean baths
in the late nineteenth century. It was very unusual for a pay-to-use pool to be
created with unemployment relief funds. In this case it may have encourage
affluent visitors rather than less-affluent residents to patronise the baths
complex.
The Forster Ocean Baths were held in great affection by generations of Forster
residents and visitors. While the site still functions as an ocean baths, the
original building and the dance casino building no longer exist.
Assessed
significance: Worth nominating for State Heritage listing.
Current heritage status:
Draft 2004 Great Lakes Heritage
Study mentions heritage significance of Forster Baths. |
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Next pool south = Newcastle - Soldiers Baths: :
Next pool north = Black Head Rock Pool >
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